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A special issue of Plants (ISSN 2223-7747). This special issue belongs to the section "Plant Response to Abiotic Stress and Climate Change".
Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (5 June 2023) | Viewed by 9319
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Special Issue Editors
Prof. Dr. Eiji Goto
SciProfiles Scilit Preprints.org Google Scholar
Graduate School of Horticulture, Chiba University, Matusdo, Chiba 271-8510, Japan
Interests: plant environmental control; phytochemicals; plant responses to environments; lighting technology in greenhouse and vertical farm; photosynthesis measurement; growth modeling
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Ki-Ho Son
SciProfiles Scilit Preprints.org Google Scholar
Division of Horticultural Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52725, Republic of Korea
Interests: light quality; plant factory; vertical farming; environmental control; phytochemicals; plant stress; UV; medicinal plants
Special Issue Information
Dear Colleagues,
Light stress in plants affects plant function and development through insufficient or excess levels. Exposure to insufficient light limits the photosynthetic rate and inhibits plant growth. Moreover, excess light energy can damage the photosynthetic apparatus, resulting in the inhibition of plant growth. Plants have evolved various protective and response mechanisms by light conditions such as intensity, wavelength, duration, and direction of light. Meanwhile, excess light and ultraviolet radiation (UV) lead to increased production of ROS, which may cause photooxidative damage. ROS mediate vital functions (protection mechanism in plants) in inducing resistance to light stress as well as abiotic and biotic stresses. Recently, many researchers have exploited the fact that plant secondary metabolites may activate via light stress, especially via UV radiation. The present Special Issue will be focused on regulation mechanisms of growth and secondary metabolites in plants via light stress.
Prof. Dr. Eiji Goto
Prof. Dr. Ki-Ho Son
Guest Editors
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Keywords
- light quality
- light stress
- vertical farm
- plant factory
- natural light
- artificial light
- photosynthesis
- photomorphogenesis
- phytochemicals
- plant responses to light
- health-promoting compounds by light
15 pages, 1322 KiB
Open AccessArticle
Light Intensity Affects the Assimilation Rate and Carbohydrates Partitioning in Spinach Grown in a Controlled Environment
by Simona Proietti, Roberta Paradiso, Stefano Moscatello, Francesco Saccardo and Alberto Battistelli
Plants 2023, 12(4), 804; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12040804 - 10 Feb 2023
Cited by 7 |Viewed by 2209
Abstract
The cultivation of spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) has been increasing during the last years in controlled environment agriculture, where light represents a key factor for controlling plant growth and development and the highest energetic costs. The aim of the experiment was to [...] Read more.
The cultivation of spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) has been increasing during the last years in controlled environment agriculture, where light represents a key factor for controlling plant growth and development and the highest energetic costs. The aim of the experiment was to evaluate the plant’s response to two light intensities, corresponding to an optimal and a reduced level, in terms of the photosynthetic process, photoassimilates partitioning, and the biosynthesis of sucrose and starch. Plants of spinach cv. ‘Gigante d’Inverno’ were grown in a phytotron under controlled conditions, comparing two values of photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD), 800 μmol m−2 s−1 (800 PPFD) and 200 μmol m−2 s−1 (200 PPFD), at a 10 h light/14 h dark regime. Compared to 800 PPFD, under 200 PPFD, plants showed a reduction in biomass accumulation and a redirection of photoassimilates to leaves, determining a leaf expansion to optimize the light interception, without changes in the photosynthetic process. A shift in carbon partitioning favouring the synthesis of starch, causing an increase in the starch/sucrose ratio at the end of light period, occurred in low-light leaves. The activity of enzymes cFBAse, SPS, and AGPase, involved in the synthesis of sucrose and starch in leaves, decreased under lower light intensity, explaining the rate of accumulation of photoassimilates. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Responses of Plants to Light Stress)
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18 pages, 6462 KiB
Open AccessArticle
Development of C4 Biochemistry and Change in Expression of Markers for Photosystems I and II in the Single-Cell C4 Species, Bienertiasinuspersici
by Makoto Yanagisawa and Simon D. X. Chuong
Plants 2023, 12(1), 77; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12010077 - 23 Dec 2022
Cited by 1 |Viewed by 1058
Abstract
Bienertia sinuspersici is one of four identified terrestrial plants that perform C4 photosynthesis within a single chlorenchyma cell via the compartmentation of organelles and photosynthetic enzymes. The patterns of accumulation of key photosynthetic enzymes and transcripts in developing leaves were examined using [...] Read more.
Bienertia sinuspersici is one of four identified terrestrial plants that perform C4 photosynthesis within a single chlorenchyma cell via the compartmentation of organelles and photosynthetic enzymes. The patterns of accumulation of key photosynthetic enzymes and transcripts in developing leaves were examined using immunolocalization and in situ hybridization. The polypeptides of Rubisco large subunit (RbcL) and pyruvate Pi dikinase (PPDK) accumulated equally in all chloroplasts before the formation of two intracellular cytoplasmic compartments: the central (CCC) and peripheral (PCC) cytoplasmic compartments. The differential accumulation of these enzymes was not completed until the leaf had reached maturity, indicating that the transition from C3 to C4 photosynthesis occurred during leaf maturation. In mature chlorenchyma cells, RbcL accumulated 20-fold higher in the CCC than in the PCC, while PPDK exhibited a concentration gradient that was the lowest in the chloroplasts in the central region of the CCC and the highest in PCC chloroplasts. The pattern of rbcL transcript accumulation followed that of its polypeptides in developing leaves, suggesting that the expression of this gene was likely controlled by transcriptional and/or post-transcriptional processes. Immunocytochemical results examining the distribution of photosystems I and II in the chloroplasts of chlorenchyma cells from mature leaves showed that PSII is more abundant in chloroplasts of the central compartment, whereas PSI is higher in those of the peripheral compartment. The quantitative real-time PCR results of rbcL, psbA, and psaB transcripts from the isolated chloroplasts of each compartment further supported this observation. Our results suggest that multiple levels of regulation play a role in controlling the differential accumulation of photosynthetic gene expression in the dimorphic chloroplasts of single-cell C4 species during leaf development. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Responses of Plants to Light Stress)
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14 pages, 1734 KiB
Open AccessArticle
The Influence of End-of-Day Blue Light on the Growth, Photosynthetic, and Metabolic Parameters of Lettuce at Different Development Stages
by Viktorija Vaštakaitė-Kairienė, Giedrė Samuolienė, Vaidevutis Šveikauskas, Kristina Laužikė and Sigita Jurkonienė
Plants 2022, 11(20), 2798; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11202798 - 21 Oct 2022
Cited by 2 |Viewed by 1637
Abstract
This study evaluates the effect of end-of-day blue (EOD B) light on the physiological response of lettuce (Lactuca sativa, Lobjoits Green Cos) at different phenological development stages. Plants were grown in a controlled environment growth chamber (day/night temperature 21 ± 2 [...] Read more.
This study evaluates the effect of end-of-day blue (EOD B) light on the physiological response of lettuce (Lactuca sativa, Lobjoits Green Cos) at different phenological development stages. Plants were grown in a controlled environment growth chamber (day/night temperature 21 ± 2 °C; relative air humidity 60 ± 5%) under the light of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) consisting of 5% blue (B; 450 nm), 85% red (R; 660 nm), and 10% green (G; 530 nm) photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) at 200 µmol m−2 s−1 for 16 h d−1 (BRG, control) for 8, 15, and 25 days (BBCH 12, BBCH 14, and BBCH 18, respectively). For the EOD B treatments, lettuce plants were additionally illuminated with 100% of B light at 30 and 60 µmol m−2 s−1 PPFD for 4 h d−1 (B30 and B60, respectively). The results show that EOD B light caused the elevated shoot elongation of lettuce plants regardless of their growth stages. However, leaf width increased only in more developed lettuce plants (BBCH 18). EOD B light negatively affected the development of new leaves and fresh weight, except for seedlings (BBCH 12). Most photosynthetic and spectral leaf indices also decreased when lettuce was treated with EOD B light, especially under the PPFD level of 60 µmol m−2 s−1. Moreover, the changes in metabolic parameters such as DPPH free radical activity, free proline content, and H+-ATPase activity in lettuce showed a plant response to unfavorable conditions to EOD B light. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Responses of Plants to Light Stress)
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